How much do you know about ADHD?
Different Abilities Within Disabilities
How many learning disabilities do you know of? If you’re like most people, dyslexia and ADHD come to mind. But have you heard about dysgraphia, aphasia, dyscalculia, or the myriad of other conditions out there? Here, we’ll explore some of the different learning disabilities out there, how they hinder a student’s learning, and how we can work around those challenges to find the ability within disability.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most well-known learning disabilities, but that doesn’t mean it’s well-understood. Today, we’ll explore a few commonly known ‘facts’ about ADHD and shine some light on the research that’s been done about this condition.
True or false? There is only one type of ADHD.
False. There are two commonly-recognized variants of ADHD. They differ in the types of symptoms expressed (a third category is sometimes defined as a mix of the two symptoms)
The inattentive type – these people may have problems focusing, may often make careless mistakes, might have issues staying organized and focused on tasks that require sustained mental effort, are easily distracted, and may also lose everyday items frequently.
The hyperactive type – may be constantly fidgeting and have a dislike of quiet spaces, may often interrupt others or speak constantly, might be unable to stay in one place for very long, and often have difficulties waiting.
True or false? Only hyperactive little boys have ADHD.
False. Although ADHD is more prevalent in boys than girls, it is diagnosed across all genders. A Europe-based study conducted by the ADHD Institute suggested that 16 boys have ADHD for every 10 girls (a 1.6:1 ratio). Furthermore, the study suggested that girls are more likely to have the inattentive type of ADHD, which may contribute to underdiagnosis of the condition in females.
True or false? ADHD is caused by eating too much sugar or watching too much TV.
False (mostly). The cause of ADHD is still being researched, but from what scientists know so far, it is passed down genetically. Some research also suggests that being born pre-maturely or suffering brain injuries increase one’s risk of having ADHD. Environmental factors, including screen time and diet, can impact how disruptive the symptoms of ADHD are.
True or false? We need medicine to treat ADHD.
True (mostly). There are medicines that will help those with ADHD. Currently, stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) are used most frequently, although a couple of non-stimulant medications have also been shown to be effective, especially when a patient doesn’t respond to stimulant medications.
Ritalin (Wikipedia)
In addition to medication, behavioural therapy and routine-based parenting techniques are encouraged. Behavioural therapy focuses on positive reinforcement of “good” behaviours to help patients control impulses. Steady routines and close supervision can also go a long way in avoiding the most disruptive symptoms of ADHD.
True or false? ADHD is just a kid’s condition; you’ll grow out of it.
False (mostly). There is no cure for ADHD (yet), but there are good strategies to minimize the impact having ADHD has on someone’s life. According to the American Psychiatric Association, about 2.5% of adults have this condition, although it is vastly underdiagnosed as most adults don’t realize they have it.
At the end of the day, even though ADHD can make life difficult, especially in structured and quiet environments, the news isn’t all bad! Adults with ADHD have been shown to be more creative. They are also often more curious about the world around them. These strengths can form the foundation for innovative career paths. Especially with an understanding community, clear communication, and close monitoring of symptoms, those with ADHD can lead lives just as (or even more) fulfilling than those who don’t have the condition!
References:
Centre for Disease Control and Prevention